Aeronca C-3

The Aeronca C-3 was a light plane built by the Aeronautical Corporation of America in the United States during the 1930s.

Its design was derived from the Aeronca C-2. Introduced in 1931, it featured room for a passenger seated next to the pilot. Powered by a new 36 hp (27 kW) Aeronca E-113 engine, the seating configuration made flight training much easier and many Aeronca owners often took to the skies with only five hours of instruction, largely because of the C-3's predictable flying characteristics. Both the C-2 and C-3 are often described as “powered gliders” because of their gliding ability and gentle landing speeds.

The C-3's distinctive razorback design was drastically altered in 1935 with the appearance of the “roundback” C-3 Master. Retaining the tubular fuselage frame construction, the C-3 Master featured a smaller vertical stabilizer and rudder with a “filled out” fuselage shape that created the new “roundback” appearance and improved the airflow over the tail. It featured an enclosed cabin with a proper door (brakes and wing light still cost extra), and a revised undercarriage dispensing with external struts in favour of a neater arrangement largely hidden in the fuselage.^[1] The 1935 C-3 Master was priced at only $1,895^[2]—just a few hundred dollars more than the primitive C-2 of 1930.^[3] The low price generated significant sales; 128 C-3 Masters were built in 1935 alone (of 430 C-3s built in all),^[4] and the 500th Aeronca aircraft also rolled off the assembly line that same year.

A strengthened version of the C-3 with fabric-covered ailerons (instead of metal), designated the Aeronca 100, was built in England under license by Light Aircraft Ltd. (operating as Aeronautical Corporation of Great Britain Ltd. sometimes called Aeronco), and marketed by its associated company Aircraft Exchange & Mart. It was powered by a modified Aeronca E-113C engine built by J. A. Prestwich and Company and called the JAP J-99,^[5] and this led to the aircraft being marketed as the Aeronca-JAP.^[6] The expected sales never materialized – only 24 British-built aircraft were manufactured before production was halted.^[7]

The aircraft could be fitted with floats, and those so equipped were sometimes designated PC-3, with the P standing for Pontoon.^[8]

Production of the C-3 was halted in 1937 when the aircraft no longer met new U.S. government standards for airworthiness. Many of the C-3's peculiarities – a strictly external wire-braced wing with no wing struts directly connecting the wing panels with the fuselage, extensive fabric construction, single-ignition engine, and lack of an airspeed indicator – were no longer permitted. Fortunately for the legion of Aeronca owners, a “grandfather” clause in the federal regulations allowed their airplanes to continue flying, although they could no longer be manufactured.

C-3

Production variant, early versions of which were built as the C-2 Collegian.^[1]

C-3 Master

Improved variant.

Aeronca 100

British-built variant powered by an Aeronca JAP J-99 (a licence built Aeronca E-113C), 21 built.^[9]

Aeronca 300

Improved British variant of the Aeronca 100, one built.

Ely 700

British variant with wider fuselage and two doors, two built.^[10]

• A-125 – C-3 N11293 on display at the Western North Carolina Air Museum in Hendersonville, North Carolina.^[11][12]
• A-156 – C-3 N11422 airworthy with Newhouse Flying Service, Fredericksburg, Texas.^[13]
• A-164 – C-3 N11494 on display at the Wings of History Museum in San Martin, California.^[14][15][16]
• A-173 – C-3 Collegian N12407, flugtauglich, mit Jim Hammond aus Yellow Springs, Ohio . ^{[ 17 ]} Sie befand sich 34 Jahre lang im Besitz von Jean Roche, dem Erfinder der C-2, der sie für mehrere radikale Experimente nutzte. ^{[ 18 ]}
• Die flugfähige A-189 – C-3 N12423 befindet sich im Western Antique Aeroplane & Automobile Museum in Hood River, Oregon . Es handelt sich um ein Wasserflugzeug , das 1931 gebaut wurde. ^{[ 19 ] [ 20 ]}
• A-194 – C-3 CF-AQP im Reynolds-Alberta Museum in Wetaskiwin, Alberta . Sie wurde 1931 gebaut. ^{[ 21 ]}
• A-210 – C-3 N12496 wurde im August 2023 abgemeldet und war zuvor im Besitz von Jimmy Leeward auf der Leeward Air Ranch in Ocala, Florida . Baujahr: 1932. ^{[ 22 ] [ 23 ]}
• Die flugfähige A-215 – C-3 N13000 ist im Western Antique Aeroplane & Automobile Museum in Hood River, Oregon, ausgestellt. Sie wurde 1932 gebaut. ^{[ 24 ] [ 25 ]}
• A-236 – C-3 Master N13021, flugtauglich mit Jim Hammond aus Yellow Springs, Ohio . Ausgestattet mit einem 65 PS (48 kW) Continental A40 -Motor ^{[ 26 ] [ 27 ].}
• Die A-246 – PC-3 N13082 ist flugtauglich und befindet sich im Eagles Mere Air Museum in Eagles Mere, Pennsylvania . ^{[ 8 ] [ 28 ] [ 29 ]}
• A-258 – C-3 N13094 ist im San Diego Air & Space Museum in San Diego, Kalifornien, statisch ausgestellt . ^{[ 30 ] [ 31 ]}
• A-288 – C-3 N13554 ist auf einen privaten Eigentümer in Montana zugelassen. ^{[ 32 ]}
• A-290 – C-3 N13556 ist auf einen privaten Eigentümer in Illinois zugelassen. ^{[ 33 ]}
• A-291 – C-3 N13557 als statisches Ausstellungsstück im Florida Air Museum in Lakeland, Florida . ^{[ 34 ]}
• A-403 – C-3 Collegian N14096, flugtauglich, im Besitz eines Privatbesitzers in Wilson, Louisiana . ^{[ 35 ] [ 36 ]}
• A-516 – C-3 Master N14630 auf statischer Ausstellung im TAM Museum , ehemaliges Museu Asas de um Sonho (Wings of a Dream Museum), Sao Carlos , Brasilien.
• A-571 – C-3 Master G-CDUW ist auf einen privaten Eigentümer in Bridge of Weir , Renfrewshire , Schottland , zugelassen . ^{[ 37 ]}
• A-600 – C-3 Master G-ADYS airworthy with Paul A. Gliddon in Goathland, North Yorkshire.^[38]
• A-603 – C-3 Master ZU-FRL airworthy with John Illsley in its original livery as G-AEAC. It was flown to South Africa from England in 1936.^[39][40]
• A-610 – C-3 Master G-AEFT airworthy with Nicholas Chittenden in Lostwithiel, Cornwall, UK.^[41][42] This aircraft featured in the 1986 BBC TV film "Flying For Fun", an adaptation of the eponymous 1936 book by Major HJ Parham.^[43]
• A-614 – C-3 Master floatplane NC15287 on display, wrongly marked 'NC12587', at the Yanks Air Museum in Chino, California.^[44][45][46]
• A-638 – C-3 G-AESB registered to a private owner in Lymington, Hampshire, UK^[47]
• A-668 – C-3 NC16291 airworthy at the EAA AirVenture Museum in Oshkosh, Wisconsin.^[48][49][50]
• A-673 – C-3B N16529 airworthy at the Port Townsend Aero Museum in Port Townsend, Washington. It was built in 1936.^[51][52]
• A-695 – C-3 N16553 displayed in the terminal building at Lunken Airport in Cincinnati, Ohio.^[53]
• A-706 – C-3 N16570 being restored for flight at Old Kingsbury Aerodrome / Pioneer Flight Museum, Kingsbury, Texas.^[54]
• A-717 – C-3 N17404 airworthy at the Golden Age Air Museum in Bethel, Pennsylvania.^[55][56][57]
• A-730 – C-3 N17419 airworthy at the Frasca Air Museum in Urbana, Illinois.^[58][59][60]
• A-734 – C-3 G-ADRR airworthy at Breighton Aerodrome, Yorkshire UK.^[61]
• A-754 – C-3 N17447 airworthy at Cole Palen's Old Rhinebeck Aerodrome in Red Hook, New York.^[62][63]
• AB105 – Aeronca 100 ZK-AMW, flugtauglich beim Wingnut Syndicate in Warkworth, Auckland . ^{[ 64 ] [ 65 ] [ 66 ]}
• AB110 – Aeronca 100 G-AETG wird in Somerset , Großbritannien, restauriert . ^{[ 67 ]}
• AB114 – Aeronca 100 G-AEVS flugtauglich auf dem Flugplatz Breighton, Yorkshire, Großbritannien. ^{[ 68 ] [ 69 ]}
• 526 – C-3 N14640 im Depot des Shannon Air Museum in Fredericksburg, Virginia . ^{[ 70 ] [ 71 ] [ 72 ]}
• 623 – C-3 N15295 flugtauglich im Golden Wings Flying Museum in Blaine, Minnesota . ^{[ 73 ] [ 74 ]}
• Unbekannte Kennung – C-3 wird im Aeronca Museum in Brighton, Michigan , als „hoffnungsloser Fall“ beschrieben . ^{[ 75 ]}

Daten aus ^{[ 9 ]}

Allgemeine Merkmale

• Besatzung: 1
• Kapazität: 1 Passagier
• Länge: 20 Fuß 0 Zoll (6,1 m)
• Spannweite: 36 Fuß 0 Zoll (10,98 m)
• Höhe: 2,39 m (7 Fuß 10 Zoll)
• Flügelfläche: 142,2 Quadratfuß (13,2 ^m² )
• Leergewicht: 569 lb (258 kg)
• Bruttogewicht: 1.005 lb (456 kg)
• Antrieb: 1 × Aeronca E-113C Zweizylinder-Boxermotor, 36 PS (27 kW)

Leistung

• Höchstgeschwindigkeit: 95 mph (152 km/h, 83 kn)
• Reichweite: 200 Meilen (322 km, 170 Seemeilen)
• Dienstgipfelhöhe: 12.000 Fuß (3.659 m)

Flugzeuge vergleichbarer Rolle, Konfiguration und Ära

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